Explore how to use logic and emotion to convince your audience to agree with you.
Imagine you want your parents to let you stay up an hour later. Would you get further by crying, or by showing them a chart of how your grades improved when you got more sleep? Which one actually works?
Persuasion isn't just about being right; it's about how you make people feel. This technique is called Pathos, or an emotional appeal. Advertisers use Pathos to make you feel happy, sad, or even excited so you'll buy their product. Think of a commercial with a lonely puppy—that's an emotional appeal designed to make you want to help. When you use Pathos, you connect with your audience's heart. However, relying only on feelings can sometimes make an argument seem weak if there is no proof to back it up.
Quick Check
What is the Greek term for an appeal to the audience's emotions?
Answer
Pathos
While feelings are strong, smart audiences need evidence. This is Logos, or the use of logic and facts. If you say, 'We should have more recess because it's fun,' that is an opinion. But if you say, 'Research shows that minutes of exercise improves student focus by ,' you are using Logos. Facts are like the foundation of a house; they keep your argument from falling over. A strong argument usually balances both Pathos and Logos to be truly convincing.
Step 1: Start with a simple opinion: 'I think dogs are the best pets.' Step 2: Add a logical fact (Logos): 'According to scientists, dog owners have lower stress levels on average.' Step 3: Combine them: 'Dogs are the best pets because they significantly reduce owner stress by .'
Quick Check
Why is a fact (Logos) often more convincing than just an opinion?
Answer
Facts provide objective proof that is difficult for an audience to disagree with.
To make your argument 'pop,' you need persuasive adjectives. These are descriptive words that add weight to your claims. Instead of saying a plan is 'good,' call it revolutionary or essential. Instead of saying a problem is 'bad,' call it disastrous or urgent. These words act like a highlighter, drawing the reader's attention to the most important parts of your message and making your voice sound more confident.
1. Basic Sentence: 'The school should buy new computers because the old ones are slow.' 2. Persuasive Upgrade: 'The school must invest in cutting-edge computers because our outdated machines are hindering our learning.' 3. Result: The second sentence feels more urgent and professional.
Scenario: Convincing the principal to start a school garden. 1. Pathos: 'A garden will create a peaceful sanctuary for stressed students.' 2. Logos: 'Studies show that hour of gardening per week increases fruit consumption by .' 3. Adjectives: 'This vital project is a brilliant way to improve student health.' 4. Combined: 'This vital garden project is a brilliant way to improve health; studies show it increases fruit consumption by while providing a peaceful sanctuary for students.'
Which of the following is an example of Pathos?
Which adjective is the MOST persuasive for a serious problem?
Using the statistic '9 out of 10 dentists recommend this toothpaste' is an example of Logos.
Review Tomorrow
In 24 hours, try to remember the three 'tools' we discussed today: Pathos, Logos, and Persuasive Adjectives.
Practice Activity
Watch a TV commercial today. Identify if they are trying to make you feel something (Pathos) or if they are giving you facts (Logos).