Classroom Debate Basics

In a formal debate, we don't just argue; we follow a specific structure. There are two main sides: the Affirmative (the 'Pro' side that agrees with the topic) and the Negative (the 'Con' side that disagrees). Each side usually has speakers who take turns. But a debate isn't just about the talkers! The Judge is a neutral person or group that listens to both sides and decides who presented the strongest evidence. Finally, the Moderator acts like a referee, keeping track of the time and making sure everyone follows the rules. Understanding your role helps the debate stay organized and fair.

Debates are won with logic, not volume. To keep things fair, we use turn-taking. This means you cannot interrupt the other side while they are speaking. You must practice active listening, which involves taking notes on what the other side says so you can respond later. This response is called a rebuttal. In a standard 6th-grade debate, the timing might look like this: each speaker gets $T = 1$ minute for an opening, followed by $T = 2$ minutes of 'cross-examination' or questions. If you speak over someone, you lose points because it shows your argument isn't strong enough to stand on its own!

Your opening statement is your first impression. To make it powerful, use the H-C-E Formula: 1. Hook: Start with a surprising fact or a 'What if?' question to grab attention. 2. Claim: State exactly what you believe in one clear sentence. 3. Evidence: Provide at least two facts or reasons that support your claim. Since you only have $60$ seconds, you must be concise. Avoid saying 'I think' or 'I feel'—instead, state your points as facts to sound more confident and persuasive.