Analyzing Results and Conclusions

Once we have our averages, we compare them to our hypothesis (our original prediction). In psychology, we don't use the word 'prove.' Instead, we say the data either supports or refutes the hypothesis. If your hypothesis was that 'Group A will score higher than Group B,' and Group A's mean is $85$ while Group B's mean is $70$, your data supports your prediction. However, if the means are nearly identical or Group B scores higher, your data refutes it. This is the moment of truth where you decide if your theory holds weight or if you need to go back to the drawing board.

The final step is sharing your results. While scientists love numbers, the general public needs non-technical language. Instead of saying 'The mean of the experimental group showed a statistically significant variance,' you might say, 'On average, students who used the new study method remembered two more words than those who didn't.' Good communication focuses on the effect and the real-world meaning. Always define your groups clearly and explain what the difference in numbers actually looks like in daily life.